The extent to which beneficiaries are included in cash transfer/social protection programmes, and the success and nature of this inclusion depends on a variety of factors, including the circumstances surrounding the programme’s inception and implementation; the ethos of the organisation(s) involved; and the nature of the programme itself. Researchers recognise that beneficiaries have in-depth knowledge and understanding that they lack, and that their participation can increase buy-in and applicability and facilitate the overall process. However, the research also shows that in some cases, participation must be carefully managed, particularly in heterogeneous or divided communities.
