When individuals or groups, and particularly youth, feel excluded from power structures, and deprived of legitimate outlets to express their grievances, violence can provide an opportunity for them to have a voice and to gain control over their own lives.
Hilker, M., & Fraser, E. (2009). Youth Exclusion, Violence, Conflict and Fragile States. London: Social Development Direct.
What factors contribute to youth exclusion and increase the likelihood of youth engagement in violence? How can DFID effectively address issues of youth exclusion and violence? This report examines existing evidence and analysis on the links between youth exclusion, violence, conflict and fragile states. It highlights factors which can contribute to youth violence, and makes recommendations for DFID’s work on youth exclusion and violence.
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Moser, C. & Ilwaine, C. (2000). Summary Findings – Perceptions of General Problems and Violence. In Moser, C. & Ilwaine C., Urban Poor Perceptions of Violence and Exclusion in Colombia (chapter 2). Washington DC: World Bank.
What do poor people living in urban areas in Colombia see as the most important problems affecting them and their communities? How do Colombia’s poor urban communities perceive violence and exclusion? This chapter documents how people living in poor urban communities in Colombia perceive violence. It uses a participatory urban appraisal methodology to identify the main problems and types of violence affecting poor urban communities.
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