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Home»William Robert Avis

Digital tools and improving women’s safety and access to support services

Helpdesk Report
  • William Robert Avis
July 2017

It is broadly accepted that digital media and the internet can provide new forms of communication and engagement for women that make networking easier, increase their social capital and facilitate the creation/growth of women’s movements. Technology can also be used to mitigate gender-based violence and improve women’s safety in a number of ways: Electronic monitoring ...» more

Urban governance

Topic Guide
  • William Robert Avis
November 2016
Seoul sunrise panorama

What is urban governance and why does it matter? How can key urban policy issues be addressed? This topic guide introduces the literature on urban governance and its relationship to growth and poverty reduction. It considers the key debates and issues, and sets out some implications for practice on specific urban governance challenges. ...» more

Factors important to the establishment, renewal or rehabilitation of the civil service

Literature Review
  • William Robert Avis
November 2015

This literature review seeks to place the emergence of the civil service within its historical context, and highlight the role it has played in state-building. The civil service has helped the state to penetrate peripheral territories, standardise physical and psychological space, and accommodate competing sources of power. The review notes the expansion of the ...» more

University of Birmingham

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