Governance, social development, conflict and humanitarian knowledge services
Topic Guides » more
Social protection
Social protection is commonly understood as ‘all public and private initiatives that provide income or consumption transfers to the poor, protect the vulnerable against livelihood risks and enhance the social status and rights of the marginalised; with the overall objective of reducing the economic and social vulnerability of poor, vulnerable and marginalised groups’ (Devereux &...» more
Conflict analysis
Conflict analysis is a structured process of analysis to understand conflict. It focuses on the conflict profile (its history), the actors involved and their perspectives, the causes of conflict, and the dynamics of how these elements interact. This Topic Guide looks at how conflict analysis is done – at the systematic approaches and tools for conflict analysis developed...» more
Countering violent extremism
This Topic Guide introduces conceptual and practical approaches to violent extremism in different contexts, setting out what we know from the literature (English and...» more
Helpdesk Reports» more
Scaling plastic reuse models in LMICs
[July 2025] To read the full article Click Here This Rapid Evidence Review synthesizes the current evidence base on the design and scalability of “refill on the go” and “return on the go” plastic reuse models in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). With plastic pollution rising sharply, transitioning from single-use to reuse systems presents a significant opportunity...» more
Pathways to Increase Rural Women’s Agency Within Social Protection Programmes
[July 2025] This rapid evidence review explores literature on how social protection programmes, particularly cash transfers and public works programmes, can address various dimensions of poverty and wellbeing that rural women face. This review focuses on the economic aspect of women’s livelihoods and wellbeing and examines how the design and implementation of social protection programmes can promote...» more
Local Perspectives on Reconciliation in the Western Balkans
[July 2025] This rapid evidence review explores how reconciliation is perceived and understood by local communities across the Western Balkans. Recognizing that the concept of reconciliation is inherently contested, the review synthesizes findings from academic literature, donor reports, and local studies, with a particular focus on Bosnia and Herzegovina. It identifies a broad spectrum of interpretations—ranging from...» more
Incorporating Gender Perspective in Peace Operations since 2018
[January 2022] This rapid literature review collates evidence from academic, policy focussed and grey literature on progress on incorporating gender perspectives in peace operations since 2018, including the deployment of female peacekeepers, and the emerging issues in this field. Key messages that emerge from this review include: The focus on women’s participation in peace processes has led...» more
Intersecting social inequalities
[January 2022] Analysis of intersecting social inequalities is key to effective, inclusive interventions in crisis settings. Gender equality and social inclusion analytical frameworks provide key research questions and participatory methodologies which seek to understand: Who is excluded? How are they excluded? Why are they excluded? What can be done to address this and support greater inclusion? There...» more
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